World War One

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Paper 2(SL and HL): Causes, Practices and Effects of War

Causes of World War One

Here is a map of Europe in 1900.  Note the differences from today:

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The Long Term Causes:
(i) The Alliance System
Read the Key Note above and then share what you have learned with the group using the last word strategy.
Watch this animation from The Map as History:
(username: nanjing password: history)
(ii) Imperialism
Play the Imperialism game.
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Why were overseas empires attractive to the Great Powers?
Why might imperialism result in conflict?
(iii) Militarism
Use the worksheet below to find evidence of militarism before World War 1:
When you are reading this information consider what is really important here? What gets to the heart of this reading / information?
Use the thinking routine: Sentence / Word / Phrase
Be ready to defend your choices to your group.
Complete the table on the second page of the pdf. You will need to do some research. Only choose 2 examples for each country. You can use some of the information we have already read and discussed.
 (iv) Nationalism and the Balkans
The Short Term Causes of the First World War:

Download the pdf from the Edublog page entitled: The Moroccan Crises and the Balkan Wars.

For both of the Moroccan Crises and both of the Balkan Wars they need to make notes on what happened, when it happened, where it happened, who was involved, why it happened and why it was important as a cause of the first world war.

The July Crisis (The Trigger):
Historiography:
tHere is an article about the Origins of the First World War from History Review. It contains interesting Historiography.

Origins of the First World War

Read the following views of Historians about the origins of the first world war:

Historiography

This article has some excellent ideas that you can use in your work and will also deepen your understanding of the causes of World War One:

http://takimag.com/article/world_war_i_taki/print#axzz2pyllgazm

Here are 10 current historians discussing who was to blame for WW1:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-26048324

Peel the Fruit

This Thinking Routine is designed to help you uncover complexity. It will help you to connect what we have learned so far and to get the root cause of why the First World War started.

Begin on the outside with the facts and gradually work to the inside building complexity as you go. Down load the pdf below for full instructions:

Peel the fruit

 

 

The Practice of the First World War

Overview of the war on the Western Front

 Why did the Schlieffen Plan fail and how did the Western Front get set up?

 http://www.firstworldwar.com/battles/sea.htm

http://www.contentextra.com/bacconline/bacContentFiles/histWarsFiles/Historypdfs/Worksheet_33.pdfThe Ludendorff Offensive 1918:

The Western Front

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Where was the Western Front and how was it created?
Use this extract from the textbook and the internet links to help
The Creation of the Western FrontFind out:
1. Where was the Western Front? Why is it called ‘Western’ and what is a front?
2. How long was the Western Front?
3. What was the Race to the Sea?
4. Why didn’t the Western Front move very much for the whole war, 1914 – 18?
http://www.johndclare.net/wwi1.htm
http://www.the-map-as-history.com/maps/6-first-world-war.php

YOUR TASK:

Research how the war was fought on the land, at sea and in the air using the documents and links below and other resources you can find.
1. Find one example of a land battle, a naval battle and an aerial battle fought between the British and the Germans. Describe the reason for the battle, who the aggressor was, what happend and what the consequences were.
2.Find pictures of the weapons and important planes / zepplins / ships used by both sides in the war.
3. Find out how the technology used in the land, air or on the water changed during the war.
4. Which side in the war was stronger on land sea or air? 
5. What was the Naval Blockade and what was the significance of it?
6. What was unrestricted sybmarine warfare and why was it significant?
7. How important was the aerial warfare in the first world war? Find out about some of the aces in the war. What was the consequence of aerial warfare in the long and short term?
8. Why was there a stalemate on the Western Front? Why did so many men die in the trenches? What was the difference in fighting between the Eastern and Western Fronts?

 How was the war fought on land?

1. Trenchwarfare:What is a trench?

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Experience life as a soldier in this interactive episode:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p022twsy
1. How did trench warfare work?
2. Why did trench warfare lead to so many deaths?
3. How did trench warfare combined with the machine gun lead to a stalemate?Here are some extracts from the textbook:
Trench warfare
Battle of the Somme

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2. New Weapons

The Battle of the Somme July 1st 1916

The Battle of the Somme

http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWsomme.htm

Read the information below and make a list of the new weapons that were developed. How successful were the weapons? What was the impact of the weapons on the fighting and the tactics?

What new weapons were developed as the war progressed in response to the difficulties the armies faced?

 

Life in the Trenches

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Before you begin your assessment practise the skill of OPVL in your table groups.
The link below takes you to a website with primary sources from the battle of the Somme.  Choosethree in your group and work out the OPVL for each (Origin, Purpose, Value and Limitation). You must chose at least one written source. Note that the sources are in their original form but that there is an easier to read transcript with each, and useful notes to help you understand them.http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/greatwar/g4/cs3/

How was the war fought at Sea?

The war at sea

http://www.firstworldwar.com/battles/sea.htm

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwone/war_sea_gallery.shtml

http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWW.htm

4. The Eastern Front

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Eastern front KN

Read these two pieces of information about the Eastern Front using the thinking strategy: Connect – Extend – Challenge

This is an amazing article about the White War between Italy and Austria -Hungary:

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/history/world-war-one/10562017/Melting-glaciers-in-northern-Italy-reveal-corpses-of-WW1-soldiers.html

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5. Why did the Central Powers lose the first world war? Why did the USA enter the war in 1917?

* Who were the Central Powers?

* What happened in 1917 in Russia and in the USA?

* What was the Ludendorff Offensive?

Now consider the question using the Thinking Strategy: Claim – Support – Question by making a mind map using three colours

You have a choice of essay titles. Either write about why the USA entered the war or why the Central Powers lost the war.

Here is a student essay which answers this question.  It scored a 7:

Analyse the factors that led to the defeat of the Central Powers in World War One.

 6. In what ways was the First World War a Total War?

Define the term “total war”.

Complete the mind map on page 61 of the reading below to show the ways in which the first world war was a total war. For each aspect of the mind map give a clear example or include reference to an Historian who supports this view.

Total War

7. Effects of the War

This is an amazing article about the White War between Italy and Austria -Hungary:

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/history/world-war-one/10562017/Melting-glaciers-in-northern-Italy-reveal-corpses-of-WW1-soldiers.html

Inventions that were inspired by the first world war:

http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-26935867

 

7. Historiography

The link below has summarised many of the views of the main Historians who write about the first world war.
http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/historian/index.html